Essex is a county in the East of England. The county town is Chelmsford,
and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common near the village of Langley,
close to the Hertfordshire border, which reaches 482 feet (147 metres).
The name Essex derives from the East Seaxe or East Saxons. The Kingdom of Essex
was traditionally founded by Aescwine in 527 AD, occupying territory to the north
of the River Thames, incorporating much of what would later become Middlesex and
Hertfordshire, though its territory was later restricted to lands east of the River
Lee. It is through this origin as one of the 'Saxon' kingdoms that Essex is specifically
not part of the region known as East Anglia (the latter comprising Norfolk, Suffolk,
and Cambridgeshire), settled by tribes calling themselves 'Anglian'. Colchester
in the north east of the county is Britain's oldest recorded town, dating back to
before the Roman conquest, when it was known as Camulodunon, and was sufficiently
well-developed to have its own mint.
Essex County Council was formed in 1889. However, the County Borough of West Ham,
and from 1915 the County Borough of East Ham, formed part of the county but were
not under county council control. Southend-on-Sea also formed a county borough from
1914 to 1974. The boundary with Greater London was established in 1965 when the
former area of the East Ham and West Ham county boroughs and of the Barking, Chingford,
Dagenham, Hornchurch, Ilford, Leyton, Romford, Walthamstow and Wanstead and Woodford
districts was transferred to form the London boroughs of Barking, Havering, Newham,
Redbridge, and Waltham Forest; an area similar to that known as Metropolitan Essex.
Essex became part of the East of England Government Office Region in 1994 and was
statistically counted as part of that region from 1999, having previously been part
of the South East England region. In 1998 the districts of Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock
separated from the shire county of Essex becoming unitary districts.
Types of automobiles salesmen
The traditional car salesman in the UK is called a floor salesman.
In the UK car salespeople deal with a variety of different types of people. A salesman
can sell a car to a private buyer, a "Motability" Customer, or a
small company car
buyer providing their employer buys less than 25 cars in their fleet. A floor salesman
is usually the salesperson who greets a potential buyer, and proceeds to negotiate
a retail type of deal. An internet salesman or manager may handle advertising and
leads that come through the internet, or distribute leads to floor salesmen. The
fleet manager markets to customers who buy several vehicles at a time at a discounted,
set price, and does not deal with the general public or individual buyers. A closer
is often a senior salesman who assists in negotiation. The floor manager sits in
"the tower" or office which usually has a sales board listing appointments and recent
sales activity by salesman. The salesman brings offers to the manager who can accept
or make counter offers. The manager makes decisions as to what final negotiated
prices will make business sense under current market conditions.
Negotiation
The price of a car, unlike many retail sales, is often negotiable. New cars will
have a factory window sticker called a "Monroney" listing equipment and options,
and the suggested retail price. A second window sticker is sometimes used which
lists dealer-added equipment and any additional markup. Some scarce popular models
may readily sell for prices above suggested retail, while some dealers claim that
they are friendly by not having any second stickers. Few buyers will pay the asking
price without negotiation. The dealer will rarely sell a car at a price near or
below the cost charged by the manufacturer, or paid for the used vehicle. The salesman
is paid a commission, rarely a fixed salary but usually based a percentage of profit,
so a deeply discounted price results in a very low commission for the salesman,
some of whom may sell fewer than a dozen cars a month. Some buyers are limited by
the monthly payment they can afford, others are limited by the total price of the
vehicle. Depending on circumstances, a lease arrangement will provide a better car
for a given monthly payment, or may provide tax advantages compared to paying interest
on a loan and taking depreciation into consideration.
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